Optimal Control Method for Charging Stations Based on Fractional-order Control
- Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation Vol. 46, Issue 5, Pages: 54-64(2025)
- 作者机构：
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DOI：10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2025.05.006
CLC：Received：26 September 2025，
Published：25 October 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
CHEN Kai, GAO Liping, YAN Jun, et al. Optimal Control Method for Charging Stations Based on Fractional-order Control[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2025, 46(5): 54-64.
CHEN Kai, GAO Liping, YAN Jun, et al. Optimal Control Method for Charging Stations Based on Fractional-order Control[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2025, 46(5): 54-64. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2025.05.006.
摘要
电动汽车作为一种变化频繁的高度不确定性负荷，其投切将对包含充电站在内的配电网系统产生影响。为提升系统稳定性，本文在考虑电池的分数阶特性前提下，提出了基于改进粒子群优化（MPSO）算法的电动汽车充电站分数阶控制策略以提高配电网系统的稳定性。首先，建立了电池的分数阶二阶RC等效模型，并引入了分数阶PID（FOPID）控制器，将FOPID控制器与电流电压双闭环控制相结合，建立了充电系统的分数阶阻抗模型；其次，以阻抗谱误差作为判据，采用改进的粒子群算法对FOPID控制器的参数进行寻优。最后通过仿真表明，整数阶模型下采用PID与FOPID控制方法相比，分数阶模型误差更小，具有更高的精确度，更加符合实际充电桩的运行情况；本文提出的分数阶控制方法优于传统方法，具有更好的动态性能以及对外部扰动的抑制能力。
Abstract
The switching operation of electric vehicle，as a highly uncertain load with frequent variations， will have an impact on the distribution network system，including charging stations. To enhance system stability，in this paper a fractional order control strategy for electric vehicle charging stations based on improved Modified particle swarm optimization（MPSO）algorithm，on the premise of considering the fractional order characteristics of batteries，is proposed so to improve the stability of distribution network system. First，a fractional order second-order RC equivalent model of the battery is set up，and a fractional orderPID（FOPID）controller is introduced. The FOPID controller is combined with current and voltage dual closed-loop control so to set up a fractional order impedance model of the charging station system. Then，impedance spectrum error is taken as the criterion，and an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize the parameters of the FOPID controller. Finally，it is shown through simulation that compared with PID and FOPID control methods under integer-order models，the fractionalorder model exhibits smaller errors，higher accuracy，and better compliance with the actual operational characteristics of charging piles. The fractional order control method proposed in this paper is superior to traditional methods，with better dynamic performance and strong ability to suppress external disturbances.
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references
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