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Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Lanzhou 730070, China
Received：13 November 2025，
Revised：2025-12-06，
Published：25 February 2026
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MA Xiping, DONG Xiaoyang, LIANG Chen, et al. Network Losses Allocation Method in AC/DC Hybrid Systems Based on Zone Division[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 81-93.
MA Xiping, DONG Xiaoyang, LIANG Chen, et al. Network Losses Allocation Method in AC/DC Hybrid Systems Based on Zone Division[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 81-93. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.011.
随着高比例新能源的并网与远距离输送，电力系统正向拓扑复杂、潮流交互频繁的交直流混联电网形态演进。传统基于单一流向追踪或改进的平均网损分摊方法，在处理大规模电网跨区功率传输及关键枢纽节点责任认定时存在显著的公平性缺失。为此，本文提出一种基于虚拟节点扩展与区域划分的交直流混联系统网损分摊新方法。首先，构建交直流网络虚拟节点模型，将交流线路与直流输电通道统一等效为承载复功率损耗的虚拟负荷节点，实现物理网络的无损化；其次，提出基于有功功率分配系数的改进模块度指标，利用混合整数二次规划求解兼顾电气耦合度与物理连通性的电网最优分区方案；最后，建立复功率双向潮流追踪模型，引入边界等效源/荷机制，将网损责任在发电机、负荷及传输枢纽节点间进行双向公平分摊。基于IEEE 39及大规模IEEE 118节点交直流混联系统的算例验证表明所提方法在39节点系统和118节点系统中实现了网损分摊的严格守恒，并且可以有效识别出电气自治区域。结果证明该方法能准确量化主力电源的外送责任及跨区联络节点的传输责任，为交直流混联电网的精细化降损与市场化结算提供了理论依据。
With the integration of a high proportion of renewable energy and long distance transmission， the power system is evolving toward a complex，topologically intricate AC/DC hybrid grid characterized by frequent power flow interactions. Traditional average network loss allocation methods based on singledirection tracking or improved methods suffer from significant fairness deficiencies when dealing with largescale inter-regional power transmission and the determination of responsibility for key hub nodes. To address this，in this paper a novel network loss allocation method for AC/DC hybrid systems based on virtual node expansion and regional partitioning is proposed. First，a virtual node model of the AC/DC network is constructed，AC lines and DC transmission channels is unified as virtual load nodes to carry complex power losses，thus achieving lossless physical network operation. Then，an improved modularity index based on the active power allocation coefficient is proposed，and mixed integer quadratic programming is used to solve for the optimal grid partitioning scheme that balances electrical coupling and physical connectivity. Finally，a bidirectional complex power flow tracking model is set up，and a boundary equivalent source/load mechanism is introduced to fairly allocate network loss responsibility bidirectionally among generators，loads，and transmission hub nodes. Numerical examples based on IEEE 39 and largescale IEEE118 node AC/DC hybrid systems show that the proposed method achieves strict conservation of network loss allocation in both 39-node and 118-node systems can effectively identify electrically autonomous regions. The results prove that this method can accurately quantify the transmission responsibility of the main power source and the transmission responsibility of inter-regional interconnection nodes，providing a theoretical basis for refined loss reduction and market-based settlement in AC/DC hybrid power grids.
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