Analysis and Prevention of Short Circuit Fault in 35 kV Shunt Capacitor Bank

HU Runge; KE Chong; LYU Jie; LIU Xingwei; LI Wei; HAO Yafeng

doi:10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.03.001

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Analysis and Prevention of Short Circuit Fault in 35 kV Shunt Capacitor Bank

POWER CAPACITOR & REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION

Analysis and Prevention of Short Circuit Fault in 35 kV Shunt Capacitor Bank
35 kV并联电容器组短路故障分析及预防
State Grid Henan Electrical Power Company, Zhengzhou 450000, China
State Grid Henan Extra High Voltage Company, Zhengzhou 450000, China
Nissin Electric(Wuxi)Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Wuxi 214000, China
Vol. 47, Issue 3, Pages: 1-9(2026)
DOI：10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.03.001
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HU Runge, KE Chong, LYU Jie, et al. Analysis and Prevention of Short Circuit Fault in 35 kV Shunt Capacitor Bank[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(3): 1-9.
DOI：

HU Runge, KE Chong, LYU Jie, et al. Analysis and Prevention of Short Circuit Fault in 35 kV Shunt Capacitor Bank[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(3): 1-9. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.03.001.

摘要

针对500 kV某变电站35 kV并联电容器组因外绝缘受损导致的起火烧毁故障情况，依据现场检查、故障录波波形分析及典型特征电容器的解体检查，推断C相电容器组右下桥臂区域电容器因绝缘子受潮经汇流铝排对金属框架电弧放电，逐步发展至B相，导致B相右下框架电弧灼伤，进而造成B相、C相相间短路。此时，电容器三相参数不一致，录波电流波形中可见明显变化。故障持续发展，高温及畸变电场作用下电容器组三相短路，起火烧毁。针对本次故障暴露出的问题，提出了加强运行十年以上并联电容器组设备巡视，关注红外热像检测，建立设备消缺管理档案等改进预防措施。

Abstract

Regarding the fire-induced burnout fault of a 35 kV shunt capacitor bank at a 500 kV substation due to the damage of its external insulation，an investigation is carried out based on on-site inspections， analysis of record oscillogram，and the disassembly inspection of a typical characteristic capacitor. It is deduced that in the lower right arm region of the phase C capacitor bank，a capacitor unit experiences arc discharge from an insulator（due to moisture absorption）via the aluminum busbar to the metal frame. This discharge gradually developes into the phase B，causing arc burns on the lower right frame of phase B，and ultimately resulting in a phase-to-phase short circuit between phase B and phase C. At this time，the three-phase parameters of the capacitor are inconsistent，and obvious changes can be observed in the recorded current oscillogram. The fault continues to develop，the three phases of the capacitor bank is short-circuited under the action of high temperature and distorted electric field，and then burn out. To address the issues revelaed by this fault，such preventive measures as enhance routine inspection of shunt capacitor banks that have been in service for over ten years，priortize infrared thermography monitoring and set up an management archive for equipment defect elimination are proposed.

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