最新刊期
卷 47 ， 期 2 ， 2026
- 摘要：With the increasing proportion of new energy sources and the widespread use of power electronic equipment，such issues as decrease of rotational inertia of the power grid，unstable frequency and insufficient regulation resources have occurred. In view of the issues that in frequent and significant power fluctuations，the response cannot keep up in time，which affects the lifespan of the equipment. The existing system has no way to deal with the flexible regulation requirements of the new type of power grid.Power storage technologies such as supercapacitors and high-power lithium-ion batteries possess such advantages as millisecond-level response speeds，high power density，long cycle life，and have become key to overcoming these bottlenecks. In this paper，starting from the explanation of the energy storage principle of supercapacitors，how key materials affect the rate capability and cycle life of the devices is analyzed.Then， megawatt-level energy storage system integration schemes，power allocation strategies for the synergy of thermal power and energy storage as well as grid-based control technologies are introduced. Finally，the life assessment methods based on physical models and data-driven approaches are discussed. It is hoped that this paper can provide some reference for applying this technology to ensure power grid security.关键词：new energy storage;supercapacitor;high penetration of renewable energy;hybrid thermalstorage frequency regulation;inertia support;condition assessment10|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
- 摘要：With the policy adjustment in China，independent energy storage power stations are now permitted to participate in electricity markets and ancillary service markets. However，in the new power system，the risk of voltage violation varies across different nodes，leading to differences in the voltage support capability and potential profits achievable by an Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage（AA-CAES） system depending on its location. In this paper a site selection and capacity determination method for compressed air energy storage systems considering var support operation mode is propsoed to maximize the profit of power station. Firstly，the AA-CAES model considering the var support operation mode is set up. Then，the site selection and capacity configuration of AA-CAES in power distribution is proposed. After that，based on the DistFlow model，the above-mentioned site selection and capacity configuration model is transformed into a mixed-integer second-order cone programming（MISOCP）problem and solved by using a commercial solver. Finally，case analysis is conducted in the site selection and capacity determination on a modified IEEE 33-bus distribution system by AA-CAES. The example calculation shows that after considering the var support mode，the daily revenue of AA-CAES is increased by 1.86% ，and the minimum voltage amplitude in the grid is improved by 0.0122 p.u. The proposed method for siting and sizing AA-CAES with consideration of var support not only effectively enhances the economic benefits of independent energy storage stations，but also improves voltage and power quality in the distribution network.关键词：advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage（AA-CAES）;var support operation;ancillary service market;siting and sizing;mixed integer second order conic programming9|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
- 摘要：As for such critical issues as reduced system inertia and insufficient damping caused by the highpenetration renewable integration，which subsequently weakens grid frequency stability，an improved virtual synchronous generator （virtual synchronous generator，VSG） control strategy is propsoed to enhance the frequency regulation capability of photovoltaic-energy storage （PV-ES） systems. First，a complete VSG model incorporating droop control，dual-closed-loop for voltage and current closed-loop regulation as well as energy storage coordination is constructed. Then，a simulation platform for the PV-ES system combined with power generation system is set up inMATLAB/Simulink to emulate such typical operating conditions as grid frequency step disturbances and sudden irradiance fluctuations. Finally，the effectiveness of the propsoed strategy is verified by comparing and analyzing dynamic responses of system.The simulation results show that when the grid frequency drops abruptly by 0.1Hz within 2 seconds，the proposed strategy can effectively dispatche the energy storage unit to deliver approximately 10kW of additional active power within 4 seconds，achieving successfully precise tracking of a 150 kW power reference while maintaining the DC-link voltage fluctuation around the setting value（2 000 V）. This research demonstrates that the enhanced VSG control strategy significantly improves the primary frequency response speed and dynamic stability of PV-ES systems，offering an effective a technical support for safe and stable operation of power grids with high renewable penetration.关键词：virtual synchronous generator（VSG）;photovoltaic generation;energy storage system;droop control;frequency regulation6|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
- 摘要：For improving the prediction accuracy of frequency regulation command sequences in power plants，a combined prediction model integrating multi cale entropy dynamic alignment fusion（MSEDAF） and improved neural networks is proposed. This method firstly decomposes the original sequence into 6 subsequences（Intrinsic Mode Function，IMF）through VMD，and then uses the innovative Multi scale entropy dynamic alignment fusion method（MSEDAF）to combine multi-scale entropy measurement with dynamic time regularization composite similarity calculation，and fuse the subsequences with similar regularity into 3 comprehensive components（Fused）pairwise.Then，an adaptive feature gated recurrent unit （AFGRU）network is designed，with its core features being attention mechanism and feature enhancement module，to predict and reconstruct the final results in parallel for the three fused subsequences. The experiments based on frequency regulation data from a power plant in Inner Mongolia show that the MAE predicted byMSEDAF-VMD-AFGRUis reduced by an average of 90.14% compared to the standard GRU. This combination model significantly enhances the prediction accuracy of complex frequency modulation scenarios through feature fusion guided by physical laws and adaptive gating mechanism，providing high precision support for the AGC control system of power grid.关键词：multi scale entropy-dynamic alignment fusion;Adaptive feature gating unit;frequency regulation command;prediction;energy storage5|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
- 摘要：In recent years，new energy in the Northwest Power Grid in China has developed raidly，and the scale of power transmission has continuously expended. When the frequency of the power grid is disturbed， the new energy station can participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid and provide frequency support. The role of its large transmission terminal and major hub is further highlighted. Based on the example of a 200MW wind farm in Qinghai Province of China，in this paper the working mechanism and assessment mechanism of the primary frequency regulation device of the wind farm，the primary frequency regulation test method of the wind farm in the Northwest power grid of China，including the frequency step disturbance test and AGC coordination test，are introduced. The results show that the wind farm can participate in the rapid frequency response of the power grid，and the response characteristics meet the requirements. The effectiveness of the test method for assessing the primary frequency regulation capacity of wind farms is verified，which has provided reference for similar tests.关键词：wind farm;primary frequency regulation;fast frequency response;frequency support;test0|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
- 摘要：As for the issues of thermal runaway and thermal balance in high energydensity lithium battery energy storage systems，in this paper a hybrid thermal management system that combinines phase change material perfluoropolyether with immersion cooling technology is proposed. The system integrates immersion cooling with an active circulation loop to establish an experimental platform comprising a condenser， circulation pump，battery pack and sensor network. It analyzes the heat generation behavior of batteries under different discharge conditions and monitors such key parameters as temperature and heat generation power in real time. The control effect of both heat dissipation and temperature uniformity of the system at 1C and 4C discharge rates is verified by experiment. The result shows that the hybrid system can maintain the maximum temperature of the battery module within 45℃，while simultaneously limiting the internal temperature rise of the module under 7℃. The research results of this study provide a novel thermal management solution for enhancing the thermal safety and energy efficiency of lithium battery energy storage systems，demonstrating significant engineering application value..关键词：Lithium energy storage;phase change;battery thermal management;multi-condition discharge;Immersion Cooling2|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
- 摘要：Energy storage systems in frequency-regulation operation condition commonly suffer from such problems as limited monitoring dimension and insufficient observability of internal status. To address this issue，in this paper a monitoring-dimension expansion and multiphysics field reconstruction approach based on a coupled surrogate model is proposed and verified. An electro-thermal-fluid coupled model of lithium-ion battery is constructed by using ANSYS Fluent software，and its accuracy is calibrated through experimental parameter identification and validation and accelerating rate calorimeter measurements. The simulation data generated by he high fidelity multi-field coupling model are subsequently used to train the surrogate model on individual spatial nodes. The experimental results show that the surrogate model is capable of capturing the temperature evolution trends at each node under complex operating conditions，with reconstructed multiphysics fields showing high consistency with numerical simulation results. The multifield coupling surrogate model ultimately developed in this study not only effectively expands the monitoring dimensions of the energy storage system，enabling rapid and accurate reconstruction of multiple physical fields，but also provides safeguards for the safe operation of storage systems in grid frequencyregulation scenarios.关键词：lithium-ion battery;energy storage system;Multiphysics-coupled surrogate model;Thermal safety management;Multiphysics reconstruction2|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
Development of New Energy Storage Technologies Such as Supercapacitors and Their Applications in the New Power System
- 摘要：For improving the economic performance and operation stability of reactive power optimization in power systems，an improved particle swarm optimization（PSO）algorithm is proposed to achieve reactive power optimization dispatching in distribution networks. Taking the minimum network loss and operating cost as the objective functions，a reactive power optimization model including the output of traditional capacitor bank and reactive power compensators is constructed. By introducing the elite competitive leadership strategy and the driving perturbation mechanism，the global search ability and convergence performance of the algorithm are enhanced. Moreover，the Sigmoid function is adopted to dynamically adjust the inertia weight and make the particle distribution in the solution space more uniform，which effectively overcomes the defect of premature convergence of traditional PSO. In addition，a special crowding distance measurement mode is defined，which can maintain the distribution and diversity of solutions. The experiments on multimodal and multi-objective test functions show that this algorithm can stably obtain a large number of uniformly distributed Pareto optimal solutions. The simulation verification based on the IEEE 14-node system further indicates that the proposed method has obvious advantages in reactive power optimization. It can provide a variety of uniformly distributed and diverse reactive power compensation schemes，significantly reduce network losses and improve voltage quality，as well as provide effective decision support for the optimal operation of distribution network.关键词：multi-objective reactive power optimization;particle swarm optimization algorithm;operating cost;lossy power;non-dominated ordering1|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
- 摘要：The main function of the anode saturable reactor is to limit the rate of current change and surge current，suppress the rate of voltage change and surge voltage，eliminate harmonics and oscillations，smooth waveforms and assure operation stability of the converter valve. During the operation of valve reactors， vibration of the iron core，due to the long-term and combined effects of magneto striction，Maxwell force and Lorentz force，can cause the air gap to reduce or disappear，resulting in increase of iron core loss and rise of temperature，and seriously endangering the safety of the converter valve. In this paper，the case of increase of iron core loss due to the detachment of iron core air gap is analyzed. The influence of air gap on such parameters as loss，temperature，and electro dynamic force is explored through the means such as parameter measurement，vibration testing，loss testing，pad status inspection etc. The logical relationship between reactor air gap and heating faults of valve reactor is analyzed and studied，and the preventive measures at such different stages as design，manufacturing，daily operation，maintenance are proposed， whch have important reference and guidance significance for assuring safe operation of equipment such as valve reactors and thyristors.关键词：anode saturable reactor;magneto striction effect;air gap;Loss1|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
Reactive Power Compensation and Filter
- 摘要：After connection of the busbar of the step-up substation to the series reactor，the system parameters remainchanged，which in turn affects the propagation process and distribution of overvoltages. For the implementation of capacity expansion project of a power plant，it is necessary to calculate and analyze the overvoltages of 220kV busbar series reactor. An electromagnetic transient model，including such components as generators，transformers，series reactors，arresters，and transmission lines，is set up by using ATP/EMTP. The lightning overvoltages and switching overvoltages at the reactor and the installation locations of key equipment in the station are calculated and the safety of insulation coordination is analyzed. The results show that the existing arrester configuration can effectively assure the insulation safety of the equipment.关键词：series reactor;lightning incoming wave;switching overvoltage;surge arrester;circuit breaker1|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
- 摘要：For the system scheme where the onshore converter station adopts parallel-connected transformers in a large-capacity offshore wind power transmission system via VSC-HVDC，a control and protection strategy for the on-load tap changer of the parallel-connected transformer is proposed. Firstly，the requirements for adjusting the on-load tap changer of VSC-HVDC at different operating stages have been clarified and the control strategy of adjusting the on-load tap changer of the parallel connected transformer is propsoed. Then，in response to the operational characteristics of parallel connected transformer，the synchronous control technology and asynchronous protection strategy for on-load tap changers are proposed，and the start-up criteria and implementation processes are designed. Finally，the correctness of the control and protection strategy for the on-load tap changer of the parallel connected transformer is fully verified through the construction of the offshore wind power MMC-HVDC transmission simulation platform.关键词：offshore wind power;MMC-HVDC;Connecting transformers;tap changer;Control and protection strategy;real-time simulation（RTDS）3|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
- 摘要：DC-bias of transformer leads to such effects as half wave saturation and harmonis of iron core， resulting in increased loss and abnormal temperature rise of iron core，winding and metal components of transformer and damage of insulation life of transformer. The accurate assessment of temperature rise of winding hot spot due to DC-bias can provide important reference for effective assessment of insulation life of transformer for power sector. However，it is often difficult to obtain accurate internal electrical characteristic parameters of transformer in practical engineering. For this reason，a prediction method of transformer DC-bias temperature rise based on improved thermal circuit model and embedded physical information neural network （PINN）is proposed. Firstly，the transformer DC-bias temperature rise mechanism is analyzed and，on this basis，an improved thermal circuit model considering DC-bias heat accretion effect is constructed. Then，in order to solve the problem that the heat transfer coefficient under the influence of DC-bias is unknown and the temperature rise is uncertain，the parameters of the improved thermal circuit model are estimated by using the inversion method of physical information neural network（PINN），and then the thermal circuit model is solved by using pinn to predict the temperature rise of the DC-bias winding of the transformer. Finally，the proposed model is verified by using the measured data. The results show that the error of the predicted DC-bias temperature rise of the transformer is less than 15% by using the method proposed in this paper. Based on this model，the insulation life under the influence of convective magnetic bias is assessed. The results show that the loss of thermal life caused by transformer bias DC-level exceeding 50A cannot be ignored，and the abnormal temperature rise of transformer and the loss of thermal life can be effectively avoided by using transformer isolation measures. The proposed temperature rise calculation model based on PINN has provided an effective method for real-time monitoring of transformer DC-bias temperature rise and load capacity assessment.关键词：transformer;DC-bias;improved the heat circuit model;PINN;Inversion;prediction7|0|0更新时间：2026-04-21
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