电-热-油耦合作用下聚丙烯薄膜老化特性研究

褚洋; 李志元; 崔宇馨; 程璐; 刘文凤; 盖斌; 贾华; 尤鸿芃

doi:10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2025.06.003

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电-热-油耦合作用下聚丙烯薄膜老化特性研究

电力电容器与无功补偿 | 电容器

电-热-油耦合作用下聚丙烯薄膜老化特性研究
Study on Aging Characteristics of Polypropylene Film Under Electric-thermal-oil Coupling Condition
西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室，西安 710049
西安高压电器研究院股份有限公司，西安 710077
2025年46卷第6期页码：19-26
DOI：10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2025.06.003
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褚洋, 李志元, 崔宇馨, 等. 电-热-油耦合作用下聚丙烯薄膜老化特性研究[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2025,46(6):19-26.

CHU Yang, LI Zhiyuan, CUI Yuxin, et al. Study on Aging Characteristics of Polypropylene Film Under Electric-thermal-oil Coupling Condition[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2025, 46(6): 19-26.
褚洋, 李志元, 崔宇馨, 等. 电-热-油耦合作用下聚丙烯薄膜老化特性研究[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2025,46(6):19-26. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2025.06.003.

CHU Yang, LI Zhiyuan, CUI Yuxin, et al. Study on Aging Characteristics of Polypropylene Film Under Electric-thermal-oil Coupling Condition[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2025, 46(6): 19-26. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2025.06.003.

摘要

油浸式电容器具有高可靠性、低成本等优点，广泛应用于电力系统中，承担无功补偿、滤波等作用。随着电力系统对电容器储能密度要求的提升，传统双向拉伸聚丙烯（BOPP）薄膜的储能特性已逐渐无法满足需求；尽管高储能密度介质材料的研发取得了显著成果，但开发高性能油浸式电容器的前提在于揭示介质材料在油浸式电容器实际工况下的老化机理。因此，本文提出系统研究BOPP薄膜在电-热-油耦合条件下的老化特性。通过搭建电-热-油耦合老化实验平台，开展1000 h的电热老化实验，获得了浸渍在苄基甲苯（M/DBT）中的BOPP薄膜试样。对老化前后BOPP薄膜开展红外光谱（FTIR）、差式扫描量热分析（DSC）、动态热机械分析（DMA）、直流击穿等测试。结果表明：浸渍剂小分子进入BOPP分子间隙，一方面起到柔顺分子链段的作用，分子链段运动活化能降低，另一方面电热油耦合作用破坏了分子链段的规整性，导致薄膜击穿场强降低了14.85%。该研究可为油浸式电容器介质材料和浸渍剂的开发提供数据支撑和理论基础。

Abstract

Oil-immersed capacitors are widely used in power systems for reactive power compensation and filtering due to their advantages of high reliability and low cost. With the increasing demand of energy storage density of capacitors in power systems，the energy storage performance of traditional biaxially oriented polypropylene（BOPP）film has gradually been unable to meet the demand. Although the research of materials with high energy storage density has achieved remarkable results，yet the prerequiste for developing high property oil-immersed capacitors is to reveal the aging characteristics of dielectric materials in actual condition of oil-immersed capacitors. Therefore，in this paper a systematic study on the aging characteristics of BOPP film under electric-thermal-oil coupling condition is proposed. The electric-thermal aging experiment for 1000 hours is performed by way of setting up electric-thermal-oil coupling aging experimental platform and the The BOPP film samples immersed in benzyl toluene impregnating agent（M/DBT）are obtained. Such tests as Fourier transform infrared spectrometer（FTIR），differential scanning calorimetry（DSC），dynamic thermomechanical analysis（DMA）and direct current breakdown are performed on the BOPP film before and after aging. The results show that small molecules of impregnating agent enter into the molecular gap of BOPP which，on the one hand，plays the role of softening molecular chain and reduces the activation energy of molecular chain segments and，on the other hand，the coupling effect of the electric-thermal-oil destroys the regularity of molecular chain segment，resulting in the decrease of the breakdown strength of the films by 14.85% . The study provides data support and theoretical foundation for the development of dielectric materials and impregnating agent for oil-immersed capacitors.

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