基于改进热路模型和PINN的变压器直流偏磁温升预测及绝缘寿命评估
Prediction of DC-bias Temperature Rise in Transformer and Insulation Life Assessment Based on an Improved Thermal Circuit Model and PINN
- 2026年47卷第2期 页码:107-117
DOI:10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.02.012
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内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司锡林郭勒供电分公司,内蒙古 锡林郭勒 026099
收稿:2025-12-15,
修回:2025-12-26,
纸质出版:2026-04-25
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郑玉周, 杜金龙, 武永强, 等. 基于改进热路模型和PINN的变压器直流偏磁温升预测及绝缘寿命评估[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(2):107-117.
ZHENG Yuzhou, DU Jinlong, WU Yongqiang, et al. Prediction of DC-bias Temperature Rise in Transformer and Insulation Life Assessment Based on an Improved Thermal Circuit Model and PINN[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(2): 107-117.
郑玉周, 杜金龙, 武永强, 等. 基于改进热路模型和PINN的变压器直流偏磁温升预测及绝缘寿命评估[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(2):107-117. DOI: 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.02.012.
ZHENG Yuzhou, DU Jinlong, WU Yongqiang, et al. Prediction of DC-bias Temperature Rise in Transformer and Insulation Life Assessment Based on an Improved Thermal Circuit Model and PINN[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(2): 107-117. DOI: 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.02.012.
变压器直流偏磁导致铁心半波饱和与谐波等效应,造成变压器铁心、绕组及金属构件损耗增大及温升异常,折损变压器绝缘寿命,对直流偏磁造成绕组热点温升的准确评估能够为电力部门有效评估变压器绝缘寿命提供重要参考,然而实际工程中往往存在难以获得准确的变压器内部电气特性参数的问题。为此,提出一种基于改进热路模型和内嵌物理信息神经网络(physics-informed neural network,PINN)的变压器直流偏磁温升预测方法,首先,分析变压器直流偏磁温升机理,在此基础上构建考虑直流偏磁热量增生效应的改进热路模型;其次,为了解决直流偏磁影响下传热系数未知以及受温升影响存在的不确定问题,先利用物理信息神经网络反演方法对改进热路模型参数进行估计,再利用PINN对热路模型求解进而对变压器直流偏磁绕组温升进行预测,最后,利用实测数据对所提模型进行了验证。结果表明,采用本文方法所预测的变压器直流偏磁温升误差不超过15%。基于该模型,对流偏磁影响下的绝缘寿命进行了评估,结果显示变压器偏磁直流水平超过50A会对其变压器热寿命造成的损耗不容忽视,采用变压器隔值措施能够有效避免变压器温升异常及其带来的热寿命损失。本文所提出的基于PINN的温升计算模型在变压器直流偏磁温升实时监测、负载能力评估等方面提供了一种有效方法。
DC-bias of transformer leads to such effects as half wave saturation and harmonis of iron core, resulting in increased loss and abnormal temperature rise of iron core,winding and metal components of transformer and damage of insulation life of transformer. The accurate assessment of temperature rise of winding hot spot due to DC-bias can provide important reference for effective assessment of insulation life of transformer for power sector. However,it is often difficult to obtain accurate internal electrical characteristic parameters of transformer in practical engineering. For this reason,a prediction method of transformer DC-bias temperature rise based on improved thermal circuit model and embedded physical information neural network (PINN)is proposed. Firstly,the transformer DC-bias temperature rise mechanism is analyzed and,on this basis,an improved thermal circuit model considering DC-bias heat accretion effect is constructed. Then,in order to solve the problem that the heat transfer coefficient under the influence of DC-bias is unknown and the temperature rise is uncertain,the parameters of the improved thermal circuit model are estimated by using the inversion method of physical information neural network(PINN),and then the thermal circuit model is solved by using pinn to predict the temperature rise of the DC-bias winding of the transformer. Finally,the proposed model is verified by using the measured data. The results show that the error of the predicted DC-bias temperature rise of the transformer is less than 15% by using the method proposed in this paper. Based on this model,the insulation life under the influence of convective magnetic bias is assessed. The results show that the loss of thermal life caused by transformer bias DC-level exceeding 50A cannot be ignored,and the abnormal temperature rise of transformer and the loss of thermal life can be effectively avoided by using transformer isolation measures. The proposed temperature rise calculation model based on PINN has provided an effective method for real-time monitoring of transformer DC-bias temperature rise and load capacity assessment.
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