无锡赛晶电力电容器有限公司，江苏 无锡 214100
桂林电子科技大学机电工程学院，广西 桂林 541004
收稿：2025-12-01，
修回：2025-12-22，
纸质出版：2026-02-25
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赵彦军, 马维勇. 基于麦氏方程组高压电容器装置切除过程仿真精度提升研究[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(1):1-7.
ZHAO Yanjun, MA Weiyong. Research on Simulation Accuracy Improvement for the Switching-off Process of High-voltage Capacitor Bank Based on Maxwell's Equations[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 1-7.
赵彦军, 马维勇. 基于麦氏方程组高压电容器装置切除过程仿真精度提升研究[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(1):1-7. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.001.
ZHAO Yanjun, MA Weiyong. Research on Simulation Accuracy Improvement for the Switching-off Process of High-voltage Capacitor Bank Based on Maxwell's Equations[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 1-7. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.001.
目前公开文献对高压电容器装置切除电弧的研究尚显不足，而电弧暂态关乎高压电容器装置安全。为解决上述问题，本文基于麦克斯韦第一方程与电磁场理论，结合EMTP仿真，构建等效电路，通过3组差异化案例（不同电抗率、电弧电阻、切除相位角）分析电弧特性。结果表明：电抗器电流非零时，磁场能量需经电弧消耗或转为电场能量（易引发过电压）；电弧电阻决定放电类型（大于特征电阻为非振荡放电，反之则振荡）；同容量装置中，12%电抗率较5%过零时间更长，初始电流大则过零时间增加；电弧持续短可忽略工频影响。研究为电容器装置拉弧控制提供理论依据。
The research on switching-off arc by high-voltage capacitor banks remains relatively scarce in public literature，yet the arc transient process is critical to the safety of high voltage capacitor device. To address the aforementioned issues，in this paper the equivalent circuit is constructed on the basis of Maxwell's first equation and electromagnetic field theory，as well as in combination with EMTP simulations， and the arc characteristics are analyzed through three sets of differentiated case studies（different reactance ratios，arc resistances，and switching phase angles）.The results show that when the reactor current is non-zero，the magnetic field energy must be dissipated via the arc or converted into electric field energy （prone to causing overvoltage）. The arc resistance determines the discharge type（the greater characteristic resistance indicates non-oscillatory discharge，otherwise it is oscillatory discharge）. For capacitor banks of the same capacity，the zero-crossing time for 12% reactance ratio is longer than that of 5% reactance ratio. In case of large initial current，the zero time is increased. In case of short arc duration，the effect of the power frequency can be neglected. The research can provide a theoretical basis for arc control in capacitor banks.
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