基于杂散电容的桥差保护测量方式研究

张友安; 石彬; 陈德玲; 王希; 王亚玲; 张成成; 魏春茹

doi:10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.002

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基于杂散电容的桥差保护测量方式研究

电力电容器与无功补偿 | 无功补偿与滤波

基于杂散电容的桥差保护测量方式研究
Study of Bridge Differential Protection Measurement Method Based on Stray Capacitance
新程（辽宁）电力电容器科技有限公司，辽宁营口 115007
2026年47卷第1期页码：8-17
DOI：10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.002
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张友安, 石彬, 陈德玲, 等. 基于杂散电容的桥差保护测量方式研究[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(1):8-17.

ZHANG Youan, SHI Bin, CHEN Deling, et al. Study of Bridge Differential Protection Measurement Method Based on Stray Capacitance[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 8-17.
张友安, 石彬, 陈德玲, 等. 基于杂散电容的桥差保护测量方式研究[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(1):8-17. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.002.

ZHANG Youan, SHI Bin, CHEN Deling, et al. Study of Bridge Differential Protection Measurement Method Based on Stray Capacitance[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 8-17. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.002.

摘要

本文针对高压直流输电（high-voltage direct current，HVDC）工程中交流滤波电容器桥差保护电流表测量值异常偏大的问题展开研究。理论分析与现场实测表明，因电流表测量导线与电容器塔、导线与地面以及导线之间存在杂散电容，且导线对地布线存在物理不对称，引起差模干扰，导致不平衡电流测量值大于真实值。研究建立了杂散电容的等效电路模型，推导了测量误差的计算公式，并分析了杂散电容对测量结果的影响程度。为精确量化杂散电容参数，基于COMSOL Multiphysics软件构建了电容器塔与测量导线的高保真三维静电场模型，为误差分析提供了关键输入。最后结合新疆哈密某 ±800 kV特高压直流工程实例，通过现场试验验证了理论分析的正确性，并提出以采集电压替代电流的方案，实现不平衡电流的等效测量。

Abstract

In this paper，the issue of abnormally high measured values in the bridge differential protection current meter in the AC filter capacitor bridge differential protection system of high-voltage direct current （HVDC）projects is studied. Both theoretical analysis and field measurements show that stray capacitances between the ammeter measurement wire and capacitor banks，between the wire and ground and between the wire itself，as well as physical asymmetry in the wiring to the ground，cause differential mode interference， resulting in the measured value of unbalanced current being greater than the actual value. An equivalent circuit model for the stray capacitance is set up in this study，a formula for calculating the measurement error is derived ，and the impact magnitude of the stray capacitance on the measurement results is analyzed. To precisely quantify the stray capacitance parameters，a high-fidelity 3D electrostatic field model of the capacitor banks and measurement wire is set up using COMSOL Multiphysics software so to provide critical input for the error analysis. Finally，using a ±800 kV UHVDC project in Hami，Xinjiang as a case study，the correctness of theoretical analysis is verified by the site test. Moreover，the solution to use collected voltage instead of current is proposed so to achieve equivalent measurement of the unbalanced current.

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