基于弱式有限元法直流支撑电容器套管电场分析与优化设计

程杉; 陈正奇; 张海龙; 胡今昶; 王嘉成

doi:10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.008

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基于弱式有限元法直流支撑电容器套管电场分析与优化设计

电力电容器与无功补偿 | 电容器

基于弱式有限元法直流支撑电容器套管电场分析与优化设计
Electric Field Analysis and Optimization Design of DC-link Capacitor Bushings Based on the Weakform Finite Element Method
三峡大学电气与新能源学院，湖北宜昌 443002
国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司，武汉 430074
2026年47卷第1期页码：57-65
DOI：10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.008
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程杉, 陈正奇, 张海龙, 等. 基于弱式有限元法直流支撑电容器套管电场分析与优化设计[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(1):57-65.

CHENG Shan, CHEN Zhengqi, ZHANG Hailong, et al. Electric Field Analysis and Optimization Design of DC-link Capacitor Bushings Based on the Weakform Finite Element Method[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 57-65.
程杉, 陈正奇, 张海龙, 等. 基于弱式有限元法直流支撑电容器套管电场分析与优化设计[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(1):57-65. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.008.

CHENG Shan, CHEN Zhengqi, ZHANG Hailong, et al. Electric Field Analysis and Optimization Design of DC-link Capacitor Bushings Based on the Weakform Finite Element Method[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 57-65. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.008.

摘要

干式直流支撑电容器套管在长期承受直流偏置与高频纹波电压作用下，易在伞裙内缘及衬圈界面等区域产生电场集中，引发局部绝缘老化，从而影响设备的长期运行可靠性。尽管其工频耐压裕度较高，但电场分布的不均匀性仍是国产化设计中的关键问题。为提高套管电场分析的精度，本文采用加权余量法弱化与有限元离散相结合的弱式求解框架，构建适用于复杂几何和多介质结构的三维静电场模型，并在高梯度区域采用局部网格加密以提升计算准确性。模型经工频耐压试验验证后用于结构优化分析。基于仿真结果提出的伞裙加深至8 mm、衬圈下部厚度增至15 mm的方案，可显著抑制局部场强并改善电场均匀性。研究结果为国产干式直流支撑电容器套管的结构设计、绝缘性能提升及工程应用提供了有效参考。

Abstract

The dry DC-link capacitor bushing，under the effect of long-term DC bias and high-frequency ripple voltages，is prone to electric-field concentration at such areas as inner edge of sheds and the interface of gasket rings，causes partial insulation aging and thus effects long term operation reliability of the equipment. Although the margin of its power frequency withstand voltage is higher，yet the non-uniformity of electric field distribution is still a key issue in localization design. For improving the accuracy of electric field analysis of bushing，a weak form framework combining the weighted residual method for weakening and finite element discretization is adopted，thereby constructing a three-dimensional electrostatic field model suitable for complete geometries and multi-medium structures，and the local mesh refinement is used in the high-gradient regions to enhance calculation accuracy. The model is used for structure optimization analysis after power frequency withstand voltage test verification. Based on the simulation result，a scheme is proposed to deepen the sheds to 8 mm and increase the thickness of the lower part of the gasket ring to 15 mm， which can significantly suppressure partial field intensity and improve electric field uniformity. The study results in this paper have provided effective guidance for structural optimization and insulation performance enhancement of localized dry DC-link capacitor bushing.

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references

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