直流支撑电容器在高海拔下的散热问题研究

左强林; 倪琰; 韩旭

doi:10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.04.006

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直流支撑电容器在高海拔下的散热问题研究

电力电容器与无功补偿 | 聚丙烯薄膜电容器全链条国产化关键技术

直流支撑电容器在高海拔下的散热问题研究
Research on Heat Dissipation of DC-link Capacitors at High Altitudes
嘉善赛晶电容器有限公司，浙江嘉善 314112
无锡赛晶电力电容器有限公司，江苏无锡 214177
2026年47卷第4期页码：47-53
DOI：10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.04.006
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左强林, 倪琰, 韩旭. 直流支撑电容器在高海拔下的散热问题研究[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(4):47-53.

ZUO Qianglin, NI Yan, HAN Xu. Research on Heat Dissipation of DC-link Capacitors at High Altitudes[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(4): 47-53.
左强林, 倪琰, 韩旭. 直流支撑电容器在高海拔下的散热问题研究[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(4):47-53. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.04.006.

ZUO Qianglin, NI Yan, HAN Xu. Research on Heat Dissipation of DC-link Capacitors at High Altitudes[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(4): 47-53. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.04.006.

摘要

本文根据电容器在不同大气压强下，其温度升高或降低吸收或释放的热量相同的原理，得到电容器外壳散热系数与稳态时间的乘积在不同海拔下相等的关系，设计了不同海拔下，电容器升温和降温的验证实验；根据实验数据计算，得到了在5 000 m海拔下，电容器升温过程中对周围空气的散热系数，比在常压下减小了28%；在降温过程中的散热系数，比在常压下减小了25%；本文推导得到了在常压下和高海拔下，电容器最热点温升差值与其外壳的温升差值相等的结论。实验数据表明，上述结论是正确的。在5 000 m海拔的对应大气压强下，电容器的外壳温升和最热点温升均升高了2.8 K；实验结果还表明，气压越低，电容器的温度稳定时间越长。

Abstract

Based on the principle that the amount of heat absorbed or released by a capacitor due to temperature rise or fall is identical under different atmospheric pressures

this paper establishes that the heat dissipation coefficient of the capacitor case and the steady-state time remains constant across varying altitudes. Accordingly

a verification experiment is designed to measure the heating and cooling processes of the capacitor at different altitudes. According to the experimental data

the heat dissipation coefficient of the capacitor to the surrounding air during the temperature rise process is obtained at altitude of 5 000 m

which is decreased by 28% compared to that at normal pressure. The heat dissipation coefficient during the temperature drop process is decreased by 25% compared to that at normal pressure. The conclusion through derivation in this paper that the difference in temperature rise of the hottest point of the capacitor and the temperature rise of the container is equal under normal pressure and high altitude

is obtained. The experimental data confirm that the above conclusion is valid. At the atmospheric pressure corresponding to an altitude of 5 000 m

both the capacitor case temperature rises and the hot-spot temperature rise is increased by 2.8 K. The experimental results also indicate that the lower the ambient pressure

the longer the tiem required for the capacitor to reach thermal stability.

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