深圳供电局有限公司，广东 深圳 518010
南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司，广州 510663
收稿：2026-03-20，
修回：2026-04-17，
纸质出版：2026-08-25
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王铠, 易承乾, 廖伟兴, 等. 聚丙烯薄膜表面粗糙度对电容元件内部电场特性的影响[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(4):68-75.
WANG Kai, YI Chengqian, LIAO Weixing, et al. The Influence of Polypropylene Film Surface Roughness on the Internal Electric Field Characteristics of Capacitor Elements[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(4): 68-75.
王铠, 易承乾, 廖伟兴, 等. 聚丙烯薄膜表面粗糙度对电容元件内部电场特性的影响[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(4):68-75. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.04.009.
WANG Kai, YI Chengqian, LIAO Weixing, et al. The Influence of Polypropylene Film Surface Roughness on the Internal Electric Field Characteristics of Capacitor Elements[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(4): 68-75. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.04.009.
高压油浸式电容器被广泛应用在无功补偿和滤波等重要场合，运行时承受较高电压，聚丙烯薄膜表面微观形貌对电容元件内部电场分布有很大影响。本文关注以往电场计算中被忽略的表面粗糙度的影响，考虑电容元件内部金属箔、绝缘油和多层聚丙烯粗化膜共存情况，建立了电容元件内部电场分布计算模型，研究了薄膜表面粗糙度对元件内部电场分布的影响：粗化薄膜表面的凸起和凹陷会导致电场畸变，并使局部电场集中；随着油缝增大，凹陷处膜和油中特征点处相对电场强度逐渐减小；表面越粗糙电场畸变程度越大；薄膜厚度对相对电场强度的影响较小；交流电场作用下，油的相对介电常数越大，电场不均匀程度越大；直流电场作用下，油的电导率越小，凸起处膜和油中的相对电场强度越大，凹陷处膜和油中的相对电场强度越小。基于本文研究结果后续可优化电容元件设计方法。
High-voltage oil-immersed capacitors are widely used in important applications such as reactive power compensation and filtering. They withstand high voltages during operation
and the surface micromorphology of the polypropylene film has a significant influence on the internal electric field distribution of the capacitor element. This paper focuses on the influence of surface roughness
which has been neglected in previous electric field calculations. Considering the coexistence of metal foils
insulating oil
and roughened polypropylene films within a capacitor element
a calculation model for the internal electric field distribution is established. The influence of film surface roughness on the internal electric field distribution is studied. The protrusions and depressions on the surface of the roughened film can cause electric field distortion and lead to localized field concentration. As the oil gap increases
the relative electric field intensity at the characteristic points in the film and oil at depressions gradually decreases. The rougher the surface
the greater the electric field distortion. The influence of film thickness on the relative electric field intensity is relatively small. Under AC electric field
the higher the relative dielectric constant of oil
the larger the non-uniform degree of electric field. Under DC electric field
the lower the oil conductivity
the higher the relative field intensity in the film and oil at protrusions
and the lower the relative field intensity in the film and oil at depressions. Based on the results of this study
subsequent optimization of capacitor element design methods can be conducted.
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