干式空心电抗器匝间绝缘故障分析及治理措施

任宝林; 贺俊杰; 张建兴; 魏晓伟; 张潇

doi:10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.005

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干式空心电抗器匝间绝缘故障分析及治理措施

电力电容器与无功补偿 | 无功补偿与滤波

干式空心电抗器匝间绝缘故障分析及治理措施
Analysis and Mitigation Measures for Inter-turn Insulation Faults in Dry-type Air-core Reactors
国网冀北超高压公司，北京 102400
2026年47卷第1期页码：35-41
DOI：10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.005
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任宝林, 贺俊杰, 张建兴, 等. 干式空心电抗器匝间绝缘故障分析及治理措施[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(1):35-41.

REN Baolin, HE Junjie, ZHANG Jianxing, et al. Analysis and Mitigation Measures for Inter-turn Insulation Faults in Dry-type Air-core Reactors[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 35-41.
任宝林, 贺俊杰, 张建兴, 等. 干式空心电抗器匝间绝缘故障分析及治理措施[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2026,47(1):35-41. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.005.

REN Baolin, HE Junjie, ZHANG Jianxing, et al. Analysis and Mitigation Measures for Inter-turn Insulation Faults in Dry-type Air-core Reactors[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2026, 47(1): 35-41. DOI： 10.14044/j.1674-1757.pcrpc.2026.01.005.

摘要

本文介绍了一起超高压变电站内35 kV并联干式电抗器运行过程中跳闸起火的故障情况，通过干式电抗器的工作原理及结构、同批次产品试验数据和设备解体排查情况，结合故障录波数据对故障原因进行了分析并基本确认了故障部位。判断本次故障是由于时间积累下电抗器包封开裂、聚酯薄膜进水腐蚀导致匝间绝缘劣化所造成，绝缘劣化后导致单一匝间短路，而后运行工况下单一匝间短路快速演变为多匝间短路电故障，最终电抗器在持续升温下起火燃烧。根据长期投运状态下干式空心电抗器匝间短路的故障发生机理对设备生产工艺以及检修策略提出了改进建议。

Abstract

In this paper a fault case involving trip and fire incident of a 35 kV dry-type reactor during operation in an UHV substation is introduced. The cause of the fault is analyzed through the working principle and structure of the dry-type reactor，test data of the same batch of products，disassembly and inspection of the equipment as well as combination with the fault recording data，and the fault location is basically confirmed. The fault is determined to be caused by the cracking of the reactor's encapsulation and the moisture ingress and corrosion of the polyester film，whih leads to the deterioration of the inter-turn insulation over time. Following the insulation degradation，a single inter-turn short-turn short circuit occurs. Under operating condition，this single inter-turn short circuit is rapidly evolved into a multi-turn short circuit fault. Eventually，the reactor ignites and burns at the continuous temperature rise. Based on the fault occurrence mechanism of inter-turn short circuit of dry-type air-core reactors under long-term operation，certain improvement suggestions for the equipment production process and maintenance strategy of the equipement are made.

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